Affects: Cats
Cats with avian influenza exhibit symptoms that can result in death. The avian influenza viruses cats may get include H5N1 or H7N2, notable pathogenic subtypes of the virus. In order to get the virus, a cat would need to be in contact with infected waterfowl, poultry, or uncooked poultry. Two of the main organs that the virus affects are the lungs and liver. In May 2024, two indoor-only cats living in Michigan developed avian flu and died. Their owners were dairy farm workers who had symptoms of H5N1 bird flu before their cats, but did not want to be tested.
Symptoms: A cat that is infected with a high dose of the virus can show signs of fever, lethargy, and dyspnea. There have even been recorded cases where a cat has neurological symptoms such as circling or ataxia.
In a case in February 2004, a 2-year-old male cat that had eaten a pigeon was panting and convulsing on top of having a fever two days prior to death. This cat also had lesions that were identified as renal congestion, pulmonary congestion, edema, and pneumonia. Upon inspection, the cat also had cerebral congestion, conjunctivitis, and hemorrhaging in the serosae of the intestines.
However, a cat that is infected with a low dose of the virus may not necessarily show symptoms. Though they may be asymptomatic, they can still transfer small amounts of the virus.
Treatment And Prevention: There is currently no commercial vaccine to prevent or treat H5N1 in cats.
If a cat is exhibiting symptoms, they should be put into isolation and kept indoors. Then they should be taken to a vet to get tested for the presence of H5N1. If there is a possibility that the cat has avian influenza, then there should be extra care when handling the cat. Some of the precautions include avoiding all direct contact with the cat by wearing gloves, masks, and goggles. Whatever surfaces the cat comes in contact with should be disinfected with standard household cleaners.
Researchers have given tigers an antiviral treatment of oseltamivir with a dose of [dose — ask your vet]/[dose — ask your vet] two times a day. The specific dosage was extrapolated from human data, but no data exist to suggest protection. As with many antiviral treatments, the dosage depends on the species.